Font
Margins
Spacing and Indentation
Footnotes and Bibliography
Page Numbers
The paper’s body, bibliography, and appendices display Arabic numerals (i.e., 1, 2, 3) placed flush-right in the header, beginning with page 1 on the first page of the body of the paper.
Student Title Page
Page Numbers
When you first employ a source in a paper, you will use a detailed footnote for the citation. If you needed to cite the same source again, however, you would then use a shortened version for further footnotes. The initial detailed footnote contains full reference information and relevant page numbers. Shortened footnotes, on the other hand, typically only contain the authors' last names, a shortened title, and the page numbers. In the following examples, the first footnote shows the detailed version, while the second footnote shows the shortened version.
Finally, footnotes should be indented.
Book with a Single Author
1 Katie Kitamura, A Separation (New York: Riverhead Books, 2017), 25.
2 Kitamura, Separation, 91-92.
Book with Two or More Authors
1 Sharon Sassler and Amanda Jayne Miller, Cohabitation Nation: Gender, Class, and the Remaking of Relationships (Oakland: University of California Press, 2017), 114.
2 Sassler and Miller, Cohabitation Nation, 205.
Books with Four or More Authors
For books with numerous authors, list only the first author followed by "et al."
1 Eichengreen et al. The Korean Economy: From a Miraculous Past to a Sustainable Future (Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2015), 94-96.
2 Eichengreen et al. Korean Economy, 120.
Books with an Editor
1 John D’Agata, ed., The Making of the American Essay (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 19–20.
2 D’Agata, American Essay, 48.
Chapter or Other Part of a Book
1 Mary Rowlandson, “The Narrative of My Captivity,” in The Making of the American Essay, ed. John D’Agata (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 19–20.
2 Rowlandson, “Captivity,” 48.
Translation of a Book
1 Jhumpa Lahiri, In Other Words, trans. Ann Goldstein (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016), 146.
2 Lahiri, In Other Words, 184.
Ebook
For online ebooks, include a URL or the name of the database. For other types of ebooks (such as e-reader files), name the format at the end of the citation. If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section or chapter number in the notes or, if possible, track down a different version with fixed page numbers.
1 Fyodor Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment, trans. Constance Garnett, ed. William Allan Neilson (New York: P. F. Collier & Son, 1917), 444, https://archive.org/details/crimepunishment00dostuoft.
2 Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment, 504–5.
3 Eric Schlosser, Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the American Meal (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001), 88, ProQuest Ebrary.
4 Schlosser, Fast Food Nation, 100.
5 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice (New York: Penguin Classics, 2007), chap. 3, Kindle.
6 Austen, Pride and Prejudice, chap. 14.
Journal Article
Most articles were originally print journals and don't need a doi, permalink, or database listing in the citation. For articles only available online, include the doi address (the address begins with https://doi.org/).
If an article has four or more authors, list the first author followed by an "et al."
1 Ashley Hope Pérez, “Material Morality and the Logic of Degrees in Diderot’s Le neveu de Rameau,” Modern Philology 114, no. 4 (May 2017): 874, https://doi.org/10.1086/689836.
2 Pérez, “Material Morality,” 880–81.
3 Shao-Hsun Keng, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem, “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, 1978–2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality,” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 9–10, https://doi.org/10.1086/690235.
4 Keng, Lin, and Orazem, “Expanding College Access,” 23.
5 Peter LaSalle, “Conundrum: A Story about Reading,” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95.
6 LaSalle, “Conundrum,” 101.
Magazine Article
1 Dara Lind, “Moving to Canada, Explained,” Vox, September 15, 2016, http://www.vox.com/2016/5/9/11608830/move-to-canada-how.
2 Lind, “Moving to Canada.”
Newspaper Article
1 Farhad Manjoo, “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera,” New York Times, March 8, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.
2 Manjoo, “Snap.”
Book Review
1 Fernanda Eberstadt, “Gone Guy: A Writer Leaves His Wife, Then Disappears in Greece,” review of A Separation, by Katie Kitamura, New York Times, February 15, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/15/books/review/separation-katie-kitamura.html.
2 Eberstadt, “Gone Guy.”
Thesis or Dissertation
1 Guadalupe Navarro-Garcia, “Integrating Social Justice Values in Educational Leadership: A Study of African American and Black University Presidents” (PhD diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 2016), 44, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
2 Navarro-Garcia, “Social Justice Values,” 125–26.
Website Content
If a website doesn't list a date of publication, posting, or revision, include an access date.
1 “Privacy Policy,” Privacy & Terms, Google, last modified April 17, 2017, https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.
2 Google, “Privacy Policy.”
3 “History,” Columbia University, accessed May 15, 2017, http://www.columbia.edu/content/history.html.
4 Columbia University, “History.”
Audiovisual Content
1 Kory Stamper, “From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English,” interview by Terry Gross, Fresh Air, NPR, April 19, 2017, audio, 35:25, http://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524618639/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english.
2 Stamper, interview.
3 Beyoncé, “Sorry,” directed by Kahlil Joseph and Beyoncé Knowles, June 22, 2016, music video, 4:25, https://youtu.be/QxsmWxxouIM.
4 Beyoncé, “Sorry.”
Examples are adapted from Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers and the Turabian 9th Edition Quick Guide.
All bibliographic entries should be single-spaced, indenting subsequent lines. Like the rest of the paper, the bibliography should be in Times New Roman. The following are examples and due to the nature of formatting in web pages may not reflect the exact style as would be seen in a Word document.
Book with a Single Author
Kitamura, Katie. A Separation. New York: Riverhead Books, 2017.
Book with Two or More Authors
Sassler, Sharon, and Amanda Jayne Miller. Cohabitation Nation: Gender, Class, and the Remaking of
Relationships. Oakland: University of California Press, 2017.
Books with Four or More Authors
For books with up to ten authors, list each author in the order in which they appear. For books with more then ten, list only the first seven authors followed by "et al."
Eichengreen, Barry, Lim, Wonhyuk, Park, Yung C., and Dwight H. Perkins. The Korean Economy: From
a Miraculous Past to a Sustainable Future. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2015.
Books with an Editor
John D’Agata, ed. The Making of the American Essay. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.
Chapter or Other Part of a Book
Rowlandson, Mary. “The Narrative of My Captivity.” In The Making of the American Essay, edited by
John D’Agata, 19–56. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.
Translation of a Book
Lahiri, Jhumpa. In Other Words. Translated by Ann Goldstein. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016.
Ebook
For online ebooks, include a URL or the name of the database. For other types of ebooks (such as e-reader files), name the format at the end of the citation.
Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. Kindle.
Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. Translated by Constance Garnett, edited by William Allan Neilson. New York: P. F. Collier Son, 1917. https://archive.org/details/crimepunishment00dostuoft.
Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the American Meal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001. ProQuest Ebrary.
Journal Article
For online articles, include the doi address (the address begins with https://doi.org/). If the article doesn't have doi information, list the article's permalink or database instead. If an article has more than ten authors, list the first seven authors followed by an "et al."
Keng, Shao-Hsun, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem. “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, 1978–2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality.” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1086/690235.
LaSalle, Peter. “Conundrum: A Story about Reading.” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95–109. Project MUSE.
Pérez, Ashley Hope. “Material Morality and the Logic of Degrees in Diderot’s Le neveu de Rameau.” Modern Philology 114, no. 4 (May 2017): 872–98. https://doi.org/10.1086/689836.
Weber, Jesse N., Martin Kalbe, Kum Chuan Shim, Noémie I. Erin, Natalie C. Steinel, Lei Ma, and Daniel I. Bolnick. “Resist Globally,Infect Locally: A Transcontinental Test of Adaptation by Stickleback and Their Tapeworm Parasite.” American Naturalist 189, no.1 (January 2017): 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1086/689597.
Magazine Article
Lind, Dara. “Moving to Canada, Explained.” Vox, September 15, 2016. http://www.vox.com/2016/5/9/11608830/move-to-canada-how.
Newspaper Article
Manjoo, Farhad. “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera.” New York Times, March 8, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.
Book Review
Eberstadt, Fernanda. “Gone Guy: A Writer Leaves His Wife, Then Disappears in Greece.” Review of A Separation, by Katie Kitamura. New York Times, February 15, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/15/books/review/separation-katie-kitamura.html.
Thesis or Dissertation
Navarro-Garcia, Guadalupe. “Integrating Social Justice Values in Educational Leadership: A Study of African American and Black University Presidents.” PhD diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 2016. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
Website Content
If a website doesn't list a date of publication, posting, or revision, include an access date.
Columbia University. “History.” Accessed May 15, 2017. http://www.columbia.edu/content/history.html.Google. “Privacy Policy.” Privacy & Terms. Last modified April 17, 2017. https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.
Audiovisual Content
Beyoncé. “Sorry.” Directed by Kahlil Joseph and Beyoncé Knowles. June 22, 2016. Music video, 4:25. https://youtu.be/QxsmWxxouIM.
Stamper, Kory. “From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English.” Interview by Terry Gross. Fresh Air, NPR,April 19, 2017. Audio, 35:25. http://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524618639/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english.
Examples are adapted from Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers and the Turabian 9th Edition Quick Guide.
Scripture Citations
As a sacred work, you do not include the Bible in your bibliography. All Bible verses will be mentioned parenthetically only. Rather than footnoting the first instance (and including “unless otherwise noted”) as in previous versions of Turabian, the version of the Bible being used will be noted in parentheses, spelled out, after the first Bible citation. The version will not be mentioned again unless version is changed. If only one version is used in a paper, then the version will only be spelled out fully in that first citation. If the student uses more than one version, however, the first instance of each Bible version will be spelled out fully, and then its abbreviation must be used as necessary for the reader to discern which version is being referenced.